The kidneys are essential to the human body. They are responsible for filtering out toxins and waste products, as well as regulating blood pressure and blood volume.

However, when there is damage to the kidneys or they fail to properly function, it can lead to a number of serious health conditions, including anemia and hypertension.

That’s why it’s so important for kidney patients to maintain a healthy diet that includes plenty of protein and fiber, as well as vitamins and minerals that help support their health. It’s also important for them to avoid foods that may cause stress on their kidneys or interfere with their treatment plan.

Dry fruits for kidney patients

We know that your kidneys are important. They help you to get rid of waste and fluid from your body, and they help your body balance its water levels. In this post, we’ll be discussing the foods that are best for your kidneys, as well as how much of them you should eat to keep them healthy.

When it comes to kidney health, there are a few things you can do to improve it:

-Make sure that you’re drinking enough water every day. You should be drinking at least two liters per day (four cups), but the more water you drink, the better!

-Get enough sleep each night by going to bed before midnight and getting up early in the morning so that your body has time to rest before starting another day.

-Eat foods high in potassium like sweet potatoes or bananas; these foods will help prevent too much sodium from building up in your blood stream which would cause swelling in your body and other problems for your kidneys. Also make sure you’re eating enough protein every day because protein helps build strong bones and muscles which gives them more strength when working hard all day long!

If you’re a kidney patient, you know that your diet can make or break your health. While it’s important to maintain a healthy weight and keep up with regular exercise, most of the responsibility falls on what you put in your mouth.

When it comes to food, kidney patients have certain restrictions they should be aware of—and if you’re not a kidney patient yourself, this article can help you understand how to support someone with kidney disease by maintaining a healthy diet.

Dry fruits are a great snack that can help you stay healthy. But what if you have kidney disease? Can you still eat dry fruits?

The answer is: yes!

If you have kidney disease, it can be hard to know what’s safe to eat and what isn’t. We’ve written this post to help you understand how dry fruits affect your kidneys, so that you can make informed choices about your diet.

CranberriesThis is helpful for those with kidney disease, as they have an increased risk of urinary tract infections (55). Cranberries can be eaten dried, cooked, fresh, or as a juice. They are very low in potassium, phosphorus, and sodium

The 20 Best Foods for People with Kidney Disease
We include products we think are useful for our readers. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission. Here’s our process.

Kidney disease is a common problem affecting about 10% of the world’s population (1).

The kidneys are small but powerful bean-shaped organs that perform many important functions.

They are responsible for filtering waste products, releasing hormones that regulate blood pressure, balancing fluids in the body, producing urine, and many other essential tasks (2Trusted Source).

There are various ways in which these vital organs can become damaged.

Diabetes and high blood pressure are the most common risk factors for kidney disease. However, obesity, smoking, genetics, gender, and age can also increase the risk (3Trusted Source).

Uncontrolled blood sugar and high blood pressure cause damage to blood vessels in the kidneys, reducing their ability to function optimally (4Trusted Source).

When the kidneys aren’t working properly, waste builds up in the blood, including waste products from food (5Trusted Source).

Therefore, it’s necessary for people with kidney disease to follow a special diet.

Diet and kidney disease
Dietary restrictions vary depending on the level of kidney damage.

For example, people in the early stages of kidney disease have different restrictions than those with kidney failure, also known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (6Trusted Source, 7Trusted Source).

If you have kidney disease, your health care provider will determine the best diet for your needs.

For most people with advanced kidney disease, it’s important to follow a kidney-friendly diet that helps decrease the amount of waste in the blood.

This diet is often referred to as a renal diet.

It helps boost kidney function while preventing further damage (8Trusted Source).

While dietary restrictions vary, it’s commonly recommended that all people with kidney disease restrict the following nutrients:

Sodium. Sodium is found in many foods
and a major component of table salt. Damaged kidneys can’t filter out
excess sodium, causing its blood levels to rise. It’s often recommended to
limit sodium to less than 2,000 mg per day (9Trusted Source, 10Trusted Source).
Potassium. Potassium plays many critical
roles in the body, but those with kidney disease need to limit potassium
to avoid dangerously high blood levels. It’s usually recommended to limit
potassium to less than 2,000 mg per day (11Trusted Source, 12).
Phosphorus. Damaged kidneys can’t
remove excess phosphorus, a mineral in many foods. High levels can cause
damage to the body, so dietary phosphorus is restricted to less than
800–1,000 mg per day in most patients (13, 14Trusted Source).
Protein is another nutrient that people with kidney disease may need to limit, as damaged kidneys can’t clear out waste products from protein metabolism.

However, those with end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis, a treatment that filters and cleans the blood, have greater protein needs (15Trusted Source, 16Trusted Source).

Each person with kidney disease is different, which is why it’s important to talk to your healthcare provider about your individual dietary needs.

Luckily, many delicious and healthy options are low in phosphorus, potassium, and sodium.

Here are 20 of the best foods for people with kidney disease.

1. Cauliflower
   Cauliflower is a nutritious vegetable that’s a good source of many nutrients, including vitamin C, vitamin K, and the B vitamin folate.

It’s also full of anti-inflammatory compounds like indoles and is an excellent source of fiber (17Trusted Source).

Plus, mashed cauliflower can be used in place of potatoes for a low potassium side dish.

One cup (124 grams) of cooked cauliflower contains (18Trusted Source):

sodium: 19 mg
potassium: 176 mg
phosphorus: 40 mg

2. Blueberries
   Blueberries are packed with nutrients and one of the best sources of antioxidants you can eat (19Trusted Source).

In particular, these sweet berries contain antioxidants called anthocyanins, which may protect against heart disease, certain cancers, cognitive decline, and diabetes (20).

They also make a fantastic addition to a kidney-friendly diet, as they are low in sodium, phosphorus, and potassium.

One cup (148 grams) of fresh blueberries contains (21Trusted Source):

sodium: 1.5 mg
potassium: 114 mg
phosphorus: 18 mg

3. Sea bass
   Sea bass is a high quality protein that contains incredibly healthy fats called omega-3s.

Omega-3s help reduce inflammation and may help decrease the risk of cognitive decline, depression, and anxiety (22Trusted Source, 23Trusted Source, 24Trusted Source).

While all fish are high in phosphorus, sea bass contains lower amounts than other seafood.

However, it’s important to consume small portions to keep your phosphorus levels in check.

Three ounces (85 grams) of cooked sea bass contain (25Trusted Source):

sodium: 74 mg
potassium: 279 mg
phosphorus: 211 mg

4. Red grapes
   Red grapes are not only delicious but also deliver a ton of nutrition in a small package.

They’re high in vitamin C and contain antioxidants called flavonoids, which have been shown to reduce inflammation (26Trusted Source).

Additionally, red grapes are high in resveratrol, a type of flavonoid that has been shown to benefit heart health and protect against diabetes and cognitive decline (27Trusted Source, 28Trusted Source).

These sweet fruits are kidney-friendly, with a half cup (75 grams) containing (29Trusted Source):

sodium: 1.5 mg
potassium: 144 mg
phosphorus: 15 mg

5. Egg whites
   Although egg yolks are very nutritious, they contain high amounts of phosphorus, making egg whites a better choice for people following a renal diet.

Egg whites provide a high quality, kidney-friendly source of protein.

Plus, they’re an excellent choice for people undergoing dialysis treatment, who have higher protein needs but need to limit phosphorus.

Two large egg whites (66 grams) contain (30Trusted Source):

sodium: 110 mg
potassium: 108 mg
phosphorus: 10 mg

6. Garlic
   People with kidney problems are advised to limit the amount of sodium in their diet, including added salt.

Garlic provides a delicious alternative to salt, adding flavor to dishes while providing nutritional benefits.

It’s a good source of manganese, vitamin C, and vitamin B6 and contains sulfur compounds that have anti-inflammatory properties.

Three cloves (9 grams) of garlic contain (31Trusted Source):

sodium: 1.5 mg
potassium: 36 mg
phosphorus: 14 mg

7. Buckwheat
   Many whole grains tend to be high in phosphorus, but buckwheat is a healthy exception.

Buckwheat is highly nutritious, providing a good amount of B vitamins, magnesium, iron, and fiber.

It’s also a gluten-free grain, making buckwheat a good choice for people with celiac disease or gluten intolerance.

A half cup (84 grams) of cooked buckwheat contains (32Trusted Source):

sodium: 3.5 mg
potassium: 74 mg
phosphorus: 59 mg

8. Olive oil
   Olive oil is a healthy source of fat and phosphorus-free, making it a great option for people with kidney disease.

Frequently, people with advanced kidney disease have trouble keeping weight on, making healthy, high calorie foods like olive oil important.

The majority of fat in olive oil is a monounsaturated fat called oleic acid, which has anti-inflammatory properties (34Trusted Source).

What’s more, monounsaturated fats are stable at high temperatures, making olive oil a healthy choice for cooking.

One tablespoon (13.5 grams) of olive oil contains (35Trusted Source):

sodium: 0.3 mg
potassium: 0.1 mg
phosphorus: 0 mg

9. Bulgur
   Bulgur is a whole grain wheat product that makes a terrific, kidney-friendly alternative to other whole grains that are high in phosphorus and potassium.

This nutritious grain is a good source of B vitamins, magnesium, iron, and manganese.

It’s also an excellent source of plant-based protein and full of dietary fiber, which is important for digestive health.

A half-cup (91-gram) serving of bulgur contains (36Trusted Source):

sodium: 4.5 mg
potassium: 62 mg
phosphorus: 36 mg

10. Cabbage
    Cabbage belongs to the cruciferous vegetable family and is loaded with vitamins, minerals, and powerful plant compounds.

It’s a great source of vitamin K, vitamin C, and many B vitamins.

Furthermore, it provides insoluble fiber, a type of fiber that keeps your digestive system healthy by promoting regular bowel movements and adding bulk to stool (37Trusted Source).

Plus, it’s low in potassium, phosphorus, and sodium, with one cup (70 grams) of shredded cabbage containing (38Trusted Source):

sodium: 13 mg
potassium: 119 mg
phosphorus: 18 mg

11. Skinless chicken
    Although a limited protein intake is necessary for some people with kidney issues, providing the body with an adequate amount of high quality protein is vital for health.

Skinless chicken breast contains less phosphorus, potassium, and sodium than skin-on chicken.

When shopping for chicken, choose fresh chicken and avoid pre-made roasted chicken, as it contains large amounts of sodium and phosphorus.

Three ounces (84 grams) of skinless chicken breast contains (39Trusted Source):

sodium: 63 mg
potassium: 216 mg
phosphorus: 192 mg

12. Bell peppers
    Bell peppers contain an impressive amount of nutrients but are low in potassium, unlike many other vegetables.

These brightly colored peppers are loaded with the powerful antioxidant vitamin C.

In fact, one small red bell pepper (74 grams) contains 105% of the recommended intake of vitamin C.

They are also loaded with vitamin A, an important nutrient for immune function, which is often compromised in people with kidney disease (40).

One small red pepper (74 grams) contains (41Trusted Source):

sodium: 3 mg
potassium: 156 mg
phosphorus: 19 mg

13. Onions
    Onions are excellent for providing sodium-free flavor to renal-diet dishes.

Reducing salt intake can be challenging, making finding flavorful salt alternatives a must.

Sautéing onions with garlic and olive oil adds flavor to dishes without compromising your kidney health.

What’s more, onions are high in vitamin C, manganese, and B vitamins and contain prebiotic fibers that help keep your digestive system healthy by feeding beneficial gut bacteria (42Trusted Source).

One small onion (70 grams) contains (43Trusted Source):

sodium: 3 mg
potassium: 102 mg
phosphorus: 20 mg

14. Arugula
    Many healthy greens like spinach and kale are high in potassium and difficult to fit into a renal diet.

However, arugula is a nutrient-dense green that is low in potassium, making it a good choice for kidney-friendly salads and side dishes.

Arugula is a good source of vitamin K and the minerals manganese and calcium, all of which are important for bone health.

This nutritious green also contains nitrates, which have been shown to lower blood pressure, an important benefit for those with kidney disease (44Trusted Source).

One cup (20 grams) of raw arugula contains (45Trusted Source):

sodium: 6 mg
potassium: 74 mg
phosphorus: 10 mg

15. Macadamia nuts
    Most nuts are high in phosphorus and not recommended for those following a renal diet.

However, macadamia nuts are a delicious option for people with kidney problems. They are much lower in phosphorus than popular nuts like peanuts and almonds.

They are also packed with healthy fats, B vitamins, magnesium, copper, iron, and manganese.

One ounce (28 grams) of macadamia nuts contains (46Trusted Source):

sodium: 1.4 mg
potassium: 103 mg
phosphorus: 53 mg

16. Radish
    Radishes are crunchy vegetables that make a healthy addition to a renal diet.

This is because they are very low in potassium and phosphorus but high in many other important nutrients.

Radishes are a great source of vitamin C, an antioxidant that has been shown to decrease the risk of heart disease and cataracts (47Trusted Source, 48Trusted Source).

Additionally, their peppery taste makes a flavorful addition to low sodium dishes.

A half cup (58 grams) of sliced radishes contains (49Trusted Source):

sodium: 23 mg
potassium: 135 mg
phosphorus: 12 mg

17. Turnips
    Turnips are kidney-friendly and make an excellent replacement for vegetables that are higher in potassium like potatoes and winter squash.

These root vegetables are loaded with fiber and vitamin C. They are also a decent source of vitamin B6 and manganese.

They can be roasted or boiled and mashed for a healthy side dish that works well for a renal diet.

A half cup (78 grams) of cooked turnips contains (50Trusted Source):

sodium: 12.5 mg
potassium: 138 mg
phosphorus: 20 mg

18. Pineapple
    Many tropical fruits like oranges, bananas, and kiwis are very high in potassium.

Fortunately, pineapple makes a sweet, low potassium alternative for those with kidneys problems.

Plus, pineapple is rich in fiber, manganese, vitamin C, and bromelain, an enzyme that helps reduce inflammation (51Trusted Source).

One cup (165 grams) of pineapple chunks contains (52Trusted Source):

sodium: 2 mg
potassium: 180 mg
phosphorus: 13 mg
How to Cut a Pineapple

19. Cranberries
    Cranberries benefit both the urinary tract and kidneys.

These tiny, tart fruits contain phytonutrients called A-type proanthocyanidins, which prevent bacteria from sticking to the lining of the urinary tract and bladder, thus preventing infection (53, 54Trusted Source).

This is helpful for those with kidney disease, as they have an increased risk of urinary tract infections (55).

Cranberries can be eaten dried, cooked, fresh, or as a juice. They are very low in potassium, phosphorus, and sodium.

One cup (100 grams) of fresh cranberries contains (56Trusted Source):

sodium: 2 mg
potassium: 80 mg
phosphorus: 11 mg

20. Shiitake mushrooms
    Shiitake mushrooms are a savory ingredient that can be used as a plant-based meat substitute for those on a renal diet who need to limit protein.

They are an excellent source of B vitamins, copper, manganese, and selenium.

In addition, they provide a good amount of plant-based protein and dietary fiber.

Shiitake mushrooms are lower in potassium than portobello and white button mushrooms, making them a smart choice for those following a renal diet (57Trusted Source, 58Trusted Source).

One cup (145 grams) of cooked shiitake mushroom contains (59Trusted Source):

sodium: 6 mg
potassium: 170 mg
phosphorus: 42 mg
The bottom line
The kidney-friendly foods above are excellent choices for people following a renal diet.

Remember to always discuss your food choices with your healthcare provider to ensure that you are following the best diet for your individual needs.

Dietary restrictions vary depending on the type and level of kidney damage, as well as the medical interventions in place, such as medications or dialysis treatment.

While following a renal diet can feel restrictive at times, there are plenty of delicious foods that fit into a healthy, well-balanced, kidney-friendly meal plan.

LetsGetChecked

Last medically reviewed on November 18, 2019

Written by Jillian Kubala, MS, RD on November 18, 2019 — Medically reviewed by Atli Arnarson BSc, PhD

NUTRITION
17 Foods to Avoid or Limit If You Have Bad Kidneys
Your kidneys are bean-shaped organs that perform many important functions.

They’re in charge of filtering blood, removing waste through urine, producing hormones, balancing minerals, and maintaining fluid balance.

There are many risk factors for kidney disease. The most common are unmanaged diabetes and high blood pressure.

Alcoholism, heart disease, hepatitis C, and HIV are also causes of kidney disease (1Trusted Source).

When the kidneys become damaged and are unable to function properly, fluid can build up in the body and waste can accumulate in the blood.

However, avoiding or limiting certain foods in your diet may help decrease the accumulation of waste products in the blood, improve kidney function, and prevent further damage (2Trusted Source).

Diet and kidney disease
Copyright: knape
Dietary restrictions vary depending on the stage of kidney disease.

For instance, people with early stages of chronic kidney disease will have different dietary restrictions than those with end stage renal disease, or kidney failure.

Those with end stage renal disease who require dialysis will also have varying dietary restrictions. Dialysis is a type of treatment that removes extra water and filters waste.

The majority of those with late or end stage kidney disease will need to follow a kidney-friendly diet to avoid a buildup of certain chemicals or nutrients in the blood.

In those with chronic kidney disease, the kidneys cannot adequately remove excess sodium, potassium, or phosphorus. As a result, they’re at a higher risk of elevated blood levels of these minerals.

A kidney-friendly diet, or renal diet, usually limits sodium to under 2,300 mg per day, as well as your potassium and phosphorus intake.

The National Kidney Foundation’s most recent Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) guidelines don’t set specific limits on potassium or phosphorus (3).

Potassium and phosphorus are still a concern for people with kidney disease, but they should work closely with their doctor or dietitian to determine their personal limits for these nutrients, which are usually based on lab results.

Damaged kidneys may also have trouble filtering the waste products of protein metabolism. Therefore, individuals with chronic kidney disease of all stages, especially stages 3–5, should limit the amount of protein in their diets unless they’re on dialysis (3, 4Trusted Source).

However, those with end stage renal disease undergoing dialysis have an increased protein requirement (5Trusted Source).

Here are 17 foods that you should likely avoid on a renal diet.

1. Dark-colored soda
   In addition to the calories and sugar that sodas provide, they harbor additives that contain phosphorus, especially dark-colored sodas.

Many food and beverage manufacturers add phosphorus during processing to enhance flavor, prolong shelf life, and prevent discoloration.

Your body absorbs this added phosphorus to a greater extent than natural, animal-based, or plant-based phosphorus (6Trusted Source).

Unlike natural phosphorus, phosphorus in the form of additives is not bound to protein. Rather, it’s found in the form of salt and highly absorbable by the intestinal tract (7Trusted Source).

Additive phosphorus can typically be found in a product’s ingredient list. However, food manufacturers are not required to list the exact amount of additive phosphorus on the food label.

While additive phosphorus content varies depending on the type of soda, most dark-colored sodas are believed to contain 50–100 mg in a 200-mL serving (8Trusted Source).

According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) food database, a 12-ounce cola contains 33.5 mg of phosphorus (9Trusted Source).

As a result, sodas, especially those that are dark, should be avoided on a renal diet.

SUMMARY
Dark-colored sodas should be avoided on a renal diet, as they contain phosphorus in its additive form, which is highly absorbable by the human body.

2. Avocados
   Avocados are often touted for their many nutritious qualities, including their heart-healthy fats, fiber, and antioxidants.

While avocados are usually a healthy addition to the diet, those with kidney disease may need to avoid them.

This is because avocados are a very rich source of potassium. One average-sized avocado provides a whopping 690 mg of potassium (10Trusted Source).

By reducing the portion size to one-fourth of an avocado, people with kidney disease can still include this food in their diets while also limiting potassium, if needed.

Avocados, including guacamole, should be limited or avoided on a renal diet if you have been told to watch your potassium intake. However, remember that different individuals have different needs, and your overall diet and health goals are the most important thing to consider.

SUMMARY
Consider avoiding avocados on a renal diet if your doctor or nutritionist has advised you to lower your potassium intake.

3. Canned foods
   Canned foods such as soups, vegetables, and beans are often purchased because of their low cost and convenience.

However, most canned foods contain high amounts of sodium, as salt is added as a preservative to increase its shelf life (11Trusted Source).

Due to the amount of sodium found in canned goods, it’s often recommended that people with kidney disease avoid or limit their consumption.

Choosing lower sodium varieties or those labeled “no salt added” is typically best.

Additionally, draining and rinsing canned foods, such as canned beans and tuna, can decrease the sodium content by 33–80%, depending on the product (12Trusted Source).

SUMMARY
Canned foods are often high in sodium. Avoiding, limiting, or buying low sodium varieties is likely best to reduce your overall sodium consumption.

4. Whole wheat bread
   Choosing the right bread can be confusing for individuals with kidney disease.

Often for healthy individuals, whole wheat bread is usually recommended over refined, white flour bread.

Whole wheat bread may be a more nutritious choice, mostly due to its higher fiber content. However, white bread is usually recommended over whole wheat varieties for individuals with kidney disease.

This is because of its phosphorus and potassium content. The more bran and whole grains in the bread, the higher the phosphorus and potassium contents.

For example, a 1-ounce (30-gram) serving of whole wheat bread contains about 57 mg of phosphorus and 69 mg of potassium. In comparison, white bread contains only 28 mg of both phosphorus and potassium (13Trusted Source, 14Trusted Source).

Eating one slice of whole wheat bread instead of two can help lower your potassium and phosphorus intake without having to give up whole wheat bread entirely.

Note that most bread and bread products, regardless of whether they’re white or whole wheat, also contain relatively high amounts of sodium (15Trusted Source).

It’s best to compare the nutrition labels of various types of bread, choose a lower sodium option, if possible, and monitor your portion sizes.

SUMMARY
White bread is typically recommended over whole wheat bread on a renal diet due to its lower phosphorus and potassium levels. All bread contains sodium, so it’s best to compare food labels and choose a lower sodium variety.

5. Brown rice
   Like whole wheat bread, brown rice is a whole grain that has a higher potassium and phosphorus content than its white rice counterpart.

One cup of cooked brown rice contains 150 mg of phosphorus and 154 mg of potassium, while 1 cup of cooked white rice contains only 69 mg of phosphorus and 54 mg of potassium (16, 17).

You may be able to fit brown rice into a renal diet, but only if the portion is controlled and balanced with other foods to avoid an excessive daily intake of potassium and phosphorus.

Bulgur, buckwheat, pearled barley, and couscous are nutritious, lower phosphorus grains that can make a good substitute for brown rice.

SUMMARY
Brown rice has a high content of phosphorus and potassium and will likely need to be portion-controlled or limited on a renal diet. White rice, bulgur, buckwheat, and couscous are all good alternatives.

6. Bananas
   Bananas are known for their high potassium content.

While they’re naturally low in sodium, 1 medium banana provides 422 mg of potassium (18).

If you have been instructed to limit your potassium intake, it may be difficult to do so if a banana is a daily staple.

Unfortunately, many other tropical fruits have high potassium contents as well.

However, pineapples contain substantially less potassium than other tropical fruits and can be a more suitable yet tasty alternative (19).

SUMMARY
Bananas are a rich source of potassium and may need to be limited on a renal diet. Pineapple is a kidney-friendly fruit, as it contains much less potassium than certain other tropical fruits.

7. Dairy
   Dairy products are rich in various vitamins and nutrients.

They’re also a natural source of phosphorus and potassium and a good source of protein.

For example, 1 cup (240 mL) of whole milk provides 222 mg of phosphorus and 349 mg of potassium (20).

Yet, consuming too much dairy, in conjunction with other phosphorus-rich foods, can be detrimental to bone health in those with kidney disease.

This may sound surprising, as milk and dairy are often recommended for strong bones and muscle health.

However, when the kidneys are damaged, too much phosphorus consumption can cause a buildup of phosphorus in the blood, which can pull calcium from your bones. This can make your bones thin and weak over time and increase your risk of bone breakage or fracture (21Trusted Source).

Dairy products are also high in protein. One cup (240 mL) of whole milk provides about 8 grams of protein (20).

It may be important to limit dairy intake to avoid the buildup of protein waste in the blood.

Dairy alternatives like unenriched rice milk and almond milk are much lower in potassium, phosphorus, and protein than cow’s milk, making them a good substitute for milk while on a renal diet.

SUMMARY
Dairy products contain high amounts of phosphorus, potassium, and protein and should be limited on a renal diet. Despite milk’s high calcium content, its phosphorus content may weaken bones in those with kidney disease.

8. Oranges and orange juice
   While oranges and orange juice are arguably most well known for their vitamin C content, they’re also rich sources of potassium.

One large orange (184 grams) provides 333 mg of potassium. Moreover, there are 473 mg of potassium in 1 cup (240 mL) of orange juice (22, 23).

Given their potassium content, oranges and orange juice likely need to be avoided or limited on a renal diet.

Grapes, apples, and cranberries, as well as their respective juices, are all good substitutes for oranges and orange juice, as they have lower potassium contents.

SUMMARY
Oranges and orange juice are high in potassium and should be limited on a renal diet. Try grapes, apples, cranberries, or their juices instead.

9. Processed meats
   Processed meats have long been associated with chronic diseases and are generally considered unhealthy due to their preservative contents (24Trusted Source, 25Trusted Source).

Processed meats are meats that have been salted, dried, cured, or canned.

Some examples include hot dogs, bacon, pepperoni, jerky, and sausage.

Processed meats typically contain large amounts of salt, mostly to improve their taste and preserve flavor.

Therefore, it may be difficult to keep your daily sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg if processed meats are abundant in your diet.

Additionally, processed meats are high in protein.

If you have been told to monitor your protein intake, it’s important to limit processed meats for this reason as well.

SUMMARY
Processed meats are high in salt and protein and should be consumed in moderation on a renal diet.

10. Pickles, olives, and relish
    Pickles, processed olives, and relish are all examples of cured or pickled foods.

Usually, large amounts of salt are added during the curing or pickling process.

For example, one pickle spear can contain more than 300 mg of sodium. Likewise, there are 244 mg of sodium in 2 tablespoons of sweet pickle relish (26, 27).

Processed olives also tend to be salty, as they’re cured and fermented to taste less bitter. Five green pickled olives provide about 195 mg of sodium, which is a significant portion of the daily amount in only a small serving (28).

Many grocery stores stock reduced sodium varieties of pickles, olives, and relish, which contain less sodium than their traditional counterparts.

However, even reduced sodium options can still be high in sodium, so you will still want to watch your portions.

SUMMARY
Pickles, processed olives, and relish are high in sodium and should be limited on a renal diet.

11. Apricots
    Apricots are rich in vitamin C, vitamin A, and fiber.

They’re also high in potassium. One cup of fresh apricots provides 427 mg of potassium (29).

Furthermore, the potassium content is even more concentrated in dried apricots.

One cup of dried apricots provides over 1,500 mg of potassium (30).

This means that just 1 cup of dried apricots provides 75% of the 2,000-mg low potassium restriction.

It’s best to avoid apricots, and most importantly dried apricots, on a renal diet.

SUMMARY
Apricots are a high potassium food that should be avoided on a renal diet. They offer over 400 mg per 1 cup raw and over 1,500 mg per 1 cup dried.

12. Potatoes and sweet potatoes
    Potatoes and sweet potatoes are potassium-rich vegetables.

Just one medium-sized baked potato (156 grams) contains 610 mg of potassium, whereas one average-sized baked sweet potato (114 grams) contains 541 mg of potassium (31, 32).

Fortunately, some high potassium foods, including potatoes and sweet potatoes, can be soaked or leached to reduce their potassium contents.

Cutting potatoes into small, thin pieces and boiling them for at least 10 minutes can reduce the potassium content by about 50% (33Trusted Source).

Potatoes that are soaked in water for at least 4 hours before cooking are proven to have an even lower potassium content than those not soaked before cooking (34Trusted Source).

This method is known as potassium leaching or the double-cook method.

Although double cooking potatoes lowers the potassium content, it’s important to remember that their potassium content isn’t eliminated by this method.

Considerable amounts of potassium can still be present in double-cooked potatoes, so it’s best to practice portion control to keep potassium levels in check.

SUMMARY
Potatoes and sweet potatoes are high potassium vegetables. Boiling or double cooking potatoes can decrease their potassium content by about 50%.

13. Tomatoes
    Tomatoes are another high potassium fruit that may not fit the guidelines of a renal diet.

They can be served raw or stewed and are often used to make sauces.

Just 1 cup of tomato sauce can contain upwards of 900 mg of potassium (35).

Unfortunately for those on a renal diet, tomatoes are commonly used in many dishes.

Choosing an alternative with lower potassium content depends largely on your taste preferences. However, swapping tomato sauce for a roasted red pepper sauce can be equally delicious and provide less potassium per serving.

SUMMARY
Tomatoes are another high potassium fruit that should likely be limited on a renal diet.

14. Packaged, instant, and premade meals
    Processed foods can be a major component of sodium in the diet.

Among these foods, packaged, instant, and premade meals are usually the most heavily processed and thus contain the most sodium.

Examples include frozen pizza, microwaveable meals, and instant noodles.

Keeping sodium intake to 2,300 mg per day may be difficult if you’re eating highly processed foods regularly.

Heavily processed foods not only contain a large amount of sodium but also commonly lack nutrients (36Trusted Source).

SUMMARY
Packaged, instant, and premade meals are highly processed items that can contain very large amounts of sodium and lack nutrients. It’s best to limit these foods on a renal diet.

15. Swiss chard, spinach, and beet greens
    Swiss chard, spinach, and beet greens are leafy green vegetables that contain high amounts of various nutrients and minerals, including potassium.

When served raw, the amount of potassium varies between 140–290 mg per cup (37, 38, 39).

While leafy vegetables shrink to a smaller serving size when cooked, the potassium content remains the same.

For example, one-half cup of raw spinach will shrink to about 1 tablespoon when cooked. Thus, eating one-half cup of cooked spinach will contain a much higher amount of potassium than one-half cup of raw spinach.

Raw Swiss chard, spinach, and beet greens are preferable to cooked greens to avoid too much potassium.

However, moderate your intake of these foods, as they’re also high in oxalates. Among sensitive individuals, oxalates can increase the risk of kidney stones (40Trusted Source).

Kidney stones may further damage renal tissue and decrease kidney function.

SUMMARY
Leafy green vegetables like Swiss chard, spinach, and beet greens are full of potassium, especially when served cooked. Although their serving sizes become smaller when cooked, their potassium contents remain the same.

16. Dates, raisins, and prunes
    Dates, raisins, and prunes are common dried fruits.

When fruits are dried, all of their nutrients are concentrated, including potassium.

For example, 1 cup of prunes provides 1,274 mg of potassium, which is nearly 5 times the amount of potassium found in 1 cup of plums, its raw counterpart (41, 42).

Moreover, just 4 dates provide 668 mg of potassium (43).

Given the high amount of potassium in these common dried fruits, it’s best to go without them while on a renal diet to ensure your potassium levels remain favorable.

SUMMARY
Nutrients are concentrated when fruits are dried. Therefore, the potassium content of dried fruit, including dates, prunes, and raisins, is extremely high and should be avoided on a renal diet.

17. Pretzels, chips, and crackers
    Ready-to-eat snack foods like pretzels, chips, and crackers tend to be lacking in nutrients and relatively high in salt.

Also, it’s easy to eat more than the recommended portion size of these foods, often leading to even greater salt intake than intended.

What’s more, if chips are made from potatoes, they’ll contain a significant amount of potassium as well.

SUMMARY
Pretzels, chips, and crackers are easily consumed in large portions and tend to contain high amounts of salt. Additionally, chips made from potatoes provide a considerable amount of potassium.

The bottom line
If you have kidney disease, reducing your potassium, phosphorus, and sodium intake can be an important aspect of managing the disease.

The high sodium, high potassium, and high phosphorus foods listed above are likely best limited or avoided.

Dietary restrictions and nutrient intake recommendations will vary based on the severity of your kidney damage.

Following a renal diet can seem daunting and a bit restrictive at times. However, working with a healthcare professional and renal dietitian can help you design a renal diet specific to your individual needs.

Last medically reviewed on June 9, 2021

Written by Kaitlyn Berkheiser — Medically reviewed by Amy Richter, RD, Nutrition — Updated on June 9, 2021

What Is Atrophic Kidney and How Is It Treated?
Symptoms
Causes
Treatment
Diet
Outlook
Prevention
What is atrophic kidney?
Normal kidneys are about the size of a fist. An atrophic kidney is one that has shrunk to an abnormal size with abnormal function. This is also known as renal atrophy.

It’s not the same thing as renal hypoplasia, a condition in which the kidney is smaller from development in the womb and at the time of birth.

The kidneys are located on each side of the lower spine, just under the rib cage. The left kidney is usually a little larger than the right. The left kidney is usually also positioned slightly higher and closer to the heart than the right. One or both kidneys can atrophy, but it may be more likely to occur to the left kidney.

What are the signs and symptoms?
The kidneys filter waste products from the blood and remove excess water from the body. They also play important roles in the regulation of blood pressure.

In the early stages of kidney disease, you might not realize anything is wrong. It can take as much as a 30 to 40 percent loss of function for symptoms to appear. As the kidneys become less able to filter the blood, you may notice:

changes in frequency of urination
darkening skin
drowsiness
itchiness
loss of appetite
muscle cramps
nausea and vomiting
swelling of the hands and feet
Other signs of atrophic kidney include:

acidosis
anorexia
high creatinine concentration
electrolyte abnormalities
malnutrition
Your specific symptoms may depend on the reason for the kidney damage.

What causes it?
Kidney damage can start suddenly, such as when the kidney is severely injured or exposed to toxins.

Atrophic kidney may also be due to or associated with another medical condition, such as:

antiphospholipid syndrome
infection, such as tuberculosis
metabolic syndrome
narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis)
narrowing of the renal arteries (atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis)
obstruction of the urinary tract
sickle cell disease
cancer
Kidney damage generally occurs over a long period. This can happen because there’s insufficient blood flow to the kidneys.

You may be at higher riskTrusted Source of kidney disease if you have:

diabetes
a family history of kidney disease
heart disease
high blood pressure (hypertension)
How is it treated?
Much of your treatment will depend on the cause of the atrophy. Treating the underlying condition may help prevent further damage to your kidney.

Even with an atrophic kidney, your kidneys may still be functioning well enough to get the job done. But if your kidneys are functioning at less than 10 to 15 percent, you’re in kidney failure. That means you need treatment to do the work of the kidneys.

One way to do this is through dialysis.

In hemodialysis, your blood is run through an artificial kidney apparatus called a hemodialyzer that removes waste products. In peritoneal dialysis, a fluid called dialysate is used to fill your abdomen to filter waste in your body through a peritoneal dialysis catheter.

Dialysis helps do the work your kidneys can no longer do. But it’s not a cure. You’ll need to have dialysis several times a week for the rest of your life or until you get a kidney transplant.

You can receive a healthy kidney from a living or a deceased donor. The wait for a suitable kidney can take years, though. After a transplant, you’ll need to take antirejection medications for the life of the kidney.

Is there a special diet?
Atrophic kidney can’t be reversed or cured with diet. But diet plays a vital role in treatment of kidney disease. Here are some kidney-healthy dietary tips:

Cut down on sodium
This will help control your blood pressure. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIDDK)Trusted Source recommends a diet containing less than 2,300 milligrams of sodium per day. Here are some pointers for reducing sodium:

Choose fresh foods rather than packaged foods whenever possible.
When using canned foods, rinse before cooking or serving.
When shopping, check labels for sodium content.
Opt for home cooking in place of restaurants and fast foods.
When preparing food, replace salt with other seasonings.
Pay attention to protein
The more protein you eat, the harder your kidneys have to work. But you do need some protein. You can get it from animal products such as:

chicken
dairy
eggs
fish
meat
Portion size matters, too. A portion of chicken, fish, or meat is 2 to 3 ounces. A portion of yogurt or milk is half a cup. One slice of cheese is a portion.

You can also get protein from beans, grains, and nuts. A portion of cooked beans, rice, or noodles is half a cup. A portion of nuts is a quarter of a cup. One slice of bread is a portion.

Take care of your heart
Heart-healthy foods help keep fat from accumulating in your heart, blood vessels, and kidneys. Incorporate the following tips for a more heart-healthy diet:

Skip deep-fried foods in favor of those that are baked, grilled, roasted, or stir-fried.
Cook with olive oil instead of butter.
Limit saturated and trans fats.
Some good choices are:

fruits and vegetables
beans
low-fat or fat-free yogurt, cheese, and milk
fish
poultry with the skin removed
lean cuts of meat with the fat removed
If kidney function continues to decline, your doctor will make personalized dietary recommendations. Kidney disease can cause phosphorus to build up in your blood, so you might be advised to choose foods that are lower in phosphorus. These include:

fresh fruits and vegetables
bread, pasta, and rice
rice- and corn-based cereal
Phosphorus may be added to packaged food and deli meats, as well as fresh meat and poultry, so be sure to read labels.

Poorly functioning kidneys can also lead to a potassium buildup. Lower-potassium foods include:

apples and peaches
carrots and green beans
white bread, white rice, and pasta
Some higher-potassium foods are:

bananas and oranges
beans and nuts
bran cereal
brown and wild rice
dairy foods
potatoes, tomatoes
salt substitutes
whole-wheat bread and pasta
Talk to your doctor about your diet. It might also be helpful to consult with a dietitian.

What is the outlook?
You can live a long, healthy life with only one healthy kidney. However, you’ll need to watch your diet and see your doctor regularly.

In some cases, chronic kidney disease leads to kidney failure. It’s a serious problem if your kidneys are functioning below 25 percent.

For people on dialysis, the average life expectancy is 5 to 10 years, but some may live as long as 30 more years.

The average kidney transplant lasts 12 to 20 years when from a living donor and 8 to 12 years when from a deceased donor.

Of course, much depends on your age and other health considerations. Your doctor can give you more of an idea of your outlook based on your personal situation.

Can it be prevented?
Atrophic kidney can’t always be prevented. But there are some measures you can take to keep your kidneys as healthy as possible.

First, try to prevent those conditions that can damage your kidneys, such as high blood pressure and diabetes. If you already have such a condition, work to keep it under good control.

Your diet should be rich in:

fruits and vegetables
whole grains
low-fat or fat-free dairy products
Limit your intake of:

highly processed or fried foods
sodium
sugar
alcohol
Here are a few other tips:

Try to exercise for at least 30 minutes on most days.
Maintain a healthy weight.
Try to get seven to eight hours of sleep every night.
Don’t smoke tobacco products.
Take medication as prescribed.
Monitor your cholesterol levels.
Have urinary tract infections (UTIs) treated as quickly as possible.
Last medically reviewed on May 25, 2018

9 sourcescollapsed

Medically reviewed by Stacy Sampson, D.O. — Written by Ann Pietrangelo — Updated on May 25, 2018

NUTRITION
What is Care/of? Pros, Cons, and How It Compares
Pros & cons
Who it’s for
Basics
Products
Ingredients
Effectiveness & safety
Cost
Who will love it
Reviews & reputation
Vs. competitors
FAQs
Bottom line
Photography by Aya Brackett
We include products we think are useful for our readers. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission. Here’s our process.

A note on personalized vitamins
Care/of is a subscription service that offers personalized vitamins, which are supplements customized for you based on the results of a health questionnaire.

Because the questionnaire doesn’t replace the guidance of a qualified health professional, it’s important to talk with a doctor or registered dietitian before taking any new supplements.

Care/of is a personalized vitamin subscription service that delivers a monthly supply of supplements right to your door.

The company offers a wide variety of products geared toward adults and provides recommendations based on your answers to an online questionnaire.

This article provides a comprehensive review of Care/of, including how it works, the products it offers and their effectiveness, and the service’s potential downsides.

Pros and cons at a glance
Pros
personalized supplement recommendations based on your health needs and goals
monthly supply shipped straight to you
wide variety of products
ingredients and products graded based on the strength of available research
products third-party tested for purity and potency
Cons
wide variability in cost
shipping fee for orders less than $20
doesn’t offer consultations with a registered dietitian or another health expert
Why choose a vitamin subscription service
You may be wondering why a vitamin subscription service would be better than simply purchasing your supplements at the store or online as needed.

First, subscription services are personalized. You will receive recommendations based on your answers to a health questionnaire that asks about your goals, your current routine, and your health status.

However, although this is helpful, the most accurate way to determine whether you need supplements is through blood work and a dietary and medical review with a healthcare professional.

Vitamin subscription services are also convenient.

The vitamins you select from Care/of are sent in daily packs, so you won’t receive any bottles or boxes. Just tear open your daily pack each day and take the vitamins inside. Subsequent orders will automatically ship out, so you don’t have to worry about reordering.

However, vitamin subscription services are often more expensive than one-off vitamin purchases, and there’s no guarantee you won’t experience interruptions. For instance, certain items may be out of stock when it’s time for you to refill, or shipping may be delayed.

Additionally, while personalized quizzes are helpful, they aren’t an adequate substitute for nutrient or hormone testing — so the recommendations you receive may not necessarily reflect the nutrients you may need.

What is Care/of?
Care/of is a vitamin subscription company that provides personalized supplement recommendations and delivers them straight to your door.

For added convenience, the daily supplements come packaged in individual envelopes so you don’t have to worry about opening multiple bottles.

The goal of Care/of is to make purchasing supplements easier by taking the guesswork out of choosing which ones to take.

How it works
To get started, customers complete a quick health assessment on the company’s website.

In addition to your sex and age, the questionnaire asks about your overall health, including the following questions:

Have you taken vitamins in the past?
What should we explore? (This question refers to any health concerns you have, such as those about digestive issues, low energy, or heart health)
How many servings of fruits and vegetables do you eat most days?
Do you smoke?
Using this information, Care/of recommends three to four supplements, which you can choose to purchase or replace with other products.

It’s important to note that only the types of supplements, not the dosages, are personalized. Therefore it’s best to confirm the appropriate dosage with a healthcare professional.

Once your products have been selected, you’ll receive a 30-day supply in the mail. Monthly refills are shipped automatically, and you can pause the service at any time.

SUMMARY
Care/of is a vitamin subscription company that delivers personalized supplements. Product recommendations are based on an online health quiz, but you can easily adjust your order at any time.

Care/of products
Care/of offers a wide selection of products that are categorized as either vitamins or powders.

Vitamins
Care/of offers a wide selection of vitamins, minerals, and other dietary supplements:

Letter vitamins. These include a B-complex, as well as single vitamins like vitamins C, D, and B12.
Multivitamins. This category includes a prenatal vitamin and multivitamin options.
Minerals. The company currently offers calcium, iron, magnesium, and zinc.
Herbs. Several herbal supplements are available, including elderberry, ashwagandha, garlic, and milk thistle.
Probiotics. Care/of offers Probiotic Blend, a probiotic that contains three beneficial strains of bacteria.
Specialty. These include omega-3s, vegan collagen boosters, keratin, astaxanthin, and an adaptogenic mushroom blend.
Powders
Care/of also offers several powders:

Collagen. Care/of’s bovine collagen powders come in four flavors: matcha, lemon passion fruit, vanilla oat, and unflavored.
Protein. Whey and plant-based protein powders are available in chocolate or vanilla.
Boosts. Boosts are powders that can be mixed with your favorite protein powder or beverage. Current offerings include creatine, electrolytes, maca root, a fiber supplement with chia and flax, and Superberry, which is high in antioxidants.
Quick Sticks. These single-serving powders are easily mixed into water and marketed for specific health concerns, including digestion and low energy. They contain a mix of micronutrients, herbs, and other compounds, such as probiotics.
SUMMARY
Care/of offers a wide variety of products, including letter vitamins, multivitamins mineral supplements, herbs, probiotics, collagen, protein powders, Boosts, and Quick Sticks.

Quality and ingredients
Care/of strives to provide supplements featuring the most effective form of each ingredient.

For example, rather than folic acid, which studies show can accumulate in the bloodstream and may be linked to adverse effects, Care/of’s folate supplement contains methylfolate — a form that is found naturally in food and doesn’t lead to unmetabolized folic acid in the bloodstream.

Research also suggests that methylfolate may be more effective at increasing folate concentrations in red blood cells (1Trusted Source).

However, Care/of does have room to improve some of its ingredients. For example, its magnesium supplement contains magnesium hydroxide, which research shows is not as well absorbed by the body as other forms, such as magnesium citrate (2Trusted Source).

The company seeks out ingredients that are sustainably and ethically sourced and tests each product at three points during manufacturing.

Care/of’s products are made in facilities that adhere to the current good manufacturing practices, a set of quality and safety standards put in place by the Food and Drug Administration.

According to the company’s website, products are tested multiple times throughout manufacturing, and final products are tested by third-party labs. This ensures that each supplement contains what is stated on the label.

However, Care/of products are not third-party certified. In addition to ensuring a product’s purity and potency, third-party certification is considered a gold standard and goes a step beyond third-party testing by confirming safe manufacturing and storage practices.

SUMMARY
Care/of’s products are made with high quality, sustainably sourced ingredients. The supplements are tested multiple times throughout manufacturing, including by third-party labs.

Effectiveness and safety
To assess the benefits and effectiveness of ingredients, all of Care/of’s products are graded using the following scale:

Traditionally used: history of use in traditional or herbal medicine
Limited research: very little scientific evidence available
Emerging research: limited, recent evidence available
Good research: limited, high quality evidence is available
Strong research: supported by several high quality studies
Very strong research: supported by several robust studies, as well as expert consensus
In addition to listing the grade, each product page contains a summary of the related available evidence and a list of studies for further reference.

You can also dig into the company’s research library, which details the scientific research available to support the potential benefits and uses of each product.

It’s important to review the grades and research available for each product, as some health claims may not be as well supported as others.

For example, the Chill Factor Quick Stick is graded as “emerging research,” as it has only one study that supports the ability of its main ingredient — gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) — to reduce stress (3Trusted Source).

On the other hand, the Extra Batteries Quick Stick is graded as “strong research,” as it cites several studies that support the effectiveness of the product’s main ingredients like caffeine.

Overall, when choosing supplements, make sure to look for those with a “strong research” or “very strong research” grade. You can find each product’s grade under the benefits tab on the product page.

Precautions
While Care/of’s online questionnaire asks some health-related questions, it doesn’t provide a comprehensive medical history.

As a result, you may be recommended a product that interacts with a medication you’re taking or exacerbates a preexisting health condition.

Additionally, without blood work to confirm what your body needs, you may also be taking unnecessary nutrients or not enough of them.

For example, if you have a vitamin D deficiency, 1,000 IU (found in Care/of’s vitamin D supplement) is likely not a high enough dose to treat low or deficient levels.

In particular, many herbal supplements are not recommended for children or people who are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Overall, it’s best to talk with a healthcare professional before starting a new supplement regimen.

SUMMARY
Care/of’s products are graded on a scale based on the strength of the available research. Look for products with a “strong research” or “very strong research” grade, and check with your doctor before taking new supplements.

How much does Care/of cost?
The price of a monthly Care/of subscription varies based on the type and number of supplements selected.

Products range in price from $5–$32 for a 30-day supply, with free shipping on orders over $30.

The service ships to all 50 states and certain addresses in Canada and U.S. territories. However, there’s a $6 handling fee on all international orders.

SUMMARY
The price of your Care/of subscription will depend on the type and number of products you receive. Shipping is free for orders over $30.

Who is Care/of for?
Care/of is a great fit for anyone who needs guidance on which supplements to buy. The personalized quiz will offer several recommendations that you can stick to or swap out as needed.

Still, proceed with caution and know that it’s always best to get supplement advice from a healthcare professional.

Care/of’s daily packs are also a good option for anyone who dislikes the hassle of opening various bottles or filling a pill organizer each week. They offer an easy and convenient way to take your vitamins. The daily packs are also helpful for people who travel often.

Finally, Care/of is an ideal solution for people who don’t want to worry about buying more vitamins when their supply starts to get low. The service will automatically send a new shipment every 30 days.

SUMMARY
Care/of may be a good fit for you if you’re looking for recommendations about which supplements you need or if you want the process of ordering and taking vitamins to be as convenient and streamlined as possible.

Customer reviews and reputation
Care/of’s reviews are overwhelmingly positive, with many customers noting that the vitamins make them feel great, that the prices are fair, and that customer service is really easy to work with when there is a problem.

However, negative reviewers say that sometimes shipping was so delayed that they were out of their vitamins for days, that Care/of’s more expensive vitamins didn’t seem to offer any advantages over less expensive brands, and that the daily packs contained too many pills.

SUMMARY
Most Care/of reviews are positive, but some reviewers say that shipping can be delayed, the packs contain too many pills to take each day, and that they didn’t notice a big difference between Care/of and other brands.

Care/of vs. other vitamin subscription services
Here’s how Care/of stacks up against some of its closest competitors:

Care/of Nurish by Nature Made Persona Hum Nutrition
Product offerings • vitamins
• minerals
• protein powders
• collagen
• herbs
• probiotics
• specialty supplements • vitamins
• minerals
• probiotics
• select herbs and specialty vitamins • vitamins
• minerals
• probiotics
• herbs
• specialty vitamins • vitamins
• minerals
• probiotics
• herbs
• specialty vitamins
• protein powders
• collagen
Health assessment online health quiz online health quiz online health quiz online health quiz
Pricing $5–$32 per product per month $4–$15 per product per month $1.80–$54.90 per product per month $10–$60 per product per month
Shipping free over $30; $8 otherwise free shipping free over $50; $8 otherwise free over $50; $5.95 otherwise
Other services — — access to a health expert access to a dietitian
While Care/of isn’t the least expensive vitamin subscription service, it offers one of the widest product selections and has the lowest free-shipping threshold of the three most expensive services.

However, unlike Persona and Hum Nutrition, Care/of doesn’t include access to a registered dietitian or another health expert.

SUMMARY
Care/of is reasonably priced and offers a wider variety of products than other vitamin subscription companies. However, it doesn’t offer access to a health expert or dietitian.

Frequently asked questions
Is Care/of more expensive than other subscription vitamin services?
No. It is roughly the same price as major competing services such as Persona Nutrition and Hum Nutrition. Prices for Care/of products range from $5–$32 per month.

A less expensive vitamin subscription service to consider is Nurish by Nature Made, which has prices ranging from $4–$15 per month.

Does Care/of offer a free trial?
No, Care/of doesn’t offer a free trial. However, they do offer a full refund within 30 days of your first order if you’re not satisfied.

What are the 5 most important vitamins?
The most important vitamins or minerals to supplement will vary significantly from person to person. However, here are five that may be beneficial to a large number of people:

Vitamin D. Vitamin D helps your body absorb calcium, and may also play a role in immune health and mood support. According to some research, most people don’t consume enough vitamin D-rich foods (4Trusted Source, 5Trusted Source).
Omega-3s. Omega-3 fats (found in foods like salmon and flaxseed) offer anti-inflammatory benefits and support brain and heart health, but most adults don’t get enough through diet alone (6Trusted Source).
Magnesium. According to a large nutritional survey, nearly 80% of adults in the United States don’t consume enough magnesium. Your body uses this mineral for more than 300 distinct purposes (7Trusted Source, 8Trusted Source).
B vitamins. Vitamins B6 and B12 are among the most common deficiencies, according to one 2017 study (9Trusted Source).
Vitamin C. Multiple studies have shown that many people in the United States don’t get enough vitamin C through their diets, so increasing intake through food and supplementation can be helpful for many (10Trusted Source, 11Trusted Source).
Zinc and folate are other common deficiencies, but again, blood work is the best way to find out which vitamins and other nutrients you may need to supplement.

Should I take my vitamins in the morning or at night?
For the most part, when you take your vitamins is a matter of personal preference.

I actually take my vitamins at lunchtime because taking them on an empty stomach makes me really nauseous — and that’s not something I even want to risk at the start of my day. Some people take their vitamins with the largest meal of the day for the same reason.

However, some supplements are best taken on an empty stomach, such as iron (which also should not be taken at the same time as calcium). It’s best to consult the directions on the bottle for each individual supplement.

However, if you’re profoundly deficient in a vitamin or mineral, you should speak with a healthcare professional or dietitian about the best timing to maximize nutrient absorption.

The bottom line
Care/of is a vitamin subscription service that provides personalized recommendations based on an online questionnaire.

Each product is made with high quality ingredients and graded based on the strength of available research. Additionally, final products are third-party tested to ensure purity and potency.

If you’re interested in trying a personalized vitamin subscription, Care/of is an excellent choice. Just make sure to talk with a healthcare professional before placing your order.

Get started with Care/of

Interested in trying Care/of? We can help!

Take a short quiz to find the product that’s right for you based on your individual needs.

Last medically reviewed on April 29, 2022

Written by SaVanna Shoemaker, MS, RDN, LD — Medically reviewed by Jillian Kubala, MS, RD, Nutrition — Updated on July 20, 2022

NUTRITION
Care/of vs. Ritual: Which Personalized Vitamin Brand Is Best?
Overview
Pros & cons
Care/of products
Ritual products
Cost
How to get started
Reviews & reputation
Potential downsides
Vs. competitors
Recommendation
FAQs
Bottom line
We include products we think are useful for our readers. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission. Here’s our process.

Care/of and Ritual are two popular subscription-based vitamin companies.

In addition to delivering a monthly supply of supplements to your door, these companies offer a personalized approach, making it easier than ever to find products that best fit your nutritional needs.

If you’re interested in signing up for a personalized vitamin subscription service, you’re probably wondering whether Ritual or Care/of is the better choice.

This article breaks down the key features of each company to help you decide whether Care/of or Ritual is right for you.

Brand overview
Care/of and Ritual are popular subscription-based supplement companies that offer a variety of vitamins and powdered supplements, such as collagen and other drink mixes. Here is a brief overview of each company.

Care/of
Care/of provides personalized recommendations to customers based on the results of an online questionnaire.

While it’s not a substitute for a medical exam, the questionnaire is designed to help you find products that best fit your nutritional needs, wellness concerns, and personal preferences.

Once you complete the questionnaire, Care/of provides 3–4 supplement recommendations that you can select or swap out for different products.

It’s important to note that while the specific product recommendations are personalized, the dosages for each supplement are not.

Care/of products contain a 30-day supply and are automatically shipped to your home each month.

Subscription plans run on a monthly basis, and you can easily adjust the frequency or pause or cancel your subscription at any time.

Finally, according to the company’s website, Care/of products are tested multiple times throughout manufacturing, with final products being third-party tested to confirm purity and potency.

Ritual
Ritual is a subscription-based supplement company that offers multivitamins, protein powders, and a synbiotic.

Unlike Care/of, which customizes supplement recommendations based on an online assessment, Ritual formulates its products based on gender and stage of life.

The company also offers a synbiotic supplement that can be purchased on its own or added to any order.

While Ritual’s multivitamins require a subscription, its protein powders are available either as a one-time purchase or as part of a subscription.

Ritual supplements contain a 30-day supply and are automatically shipped to your home each month.

Ritual prides itself on transparency and includes ingredient sourcing information on its website. Products are also third-party tested to ensure that they contain what they claim to on the label.

Pros and cons at a glance
Care/of Ritual
Pros • personalized product recommendations
• free from major allergens
• large variety of products to choose from
• daily vitamin packs for easy travel
• third-party tested • third-party tested
• vegan-friendly
• free from major allergens
• free shipping
• products formulated to be readily absorbed and easy to digest
• traceable ingredients
• products available for kids, teens, and adults
Cons • minimum order required for free shipping
• encourages taking multiple supplements, which may not be appropriate for everyone • multivitamins not as comprehensive as others on the market
• limited product selection
• some negative reviews of the taste of the vitamin capsules and protein powders
Care/of products and services
Photo by Kelli McGrane, MS, RD
Care/of offers a variety of vitamins, minerals, and powders formulated for adults.

Here’s a brief overview of the types of products available:

letter vitamins
multivitamins
minerals
herbs
probiotics
fish oil and omega-3 supplements
collagen powders
whey and plant-based protein powders
The company also offers powdered “boosts” that contain a mix of nutritional compounds such as electrolytes, antioxidant extracts, chia seeds, and creatine.

To help you understand the research behind each product, Care/of provides a grading scale ranging from “traditionally used” and “limited research” to “strong research” and “very strong research.”

Below is a closer look at a few of the products available from Care/of.

The Women’s Essential Pack
Price: $54
Type: tablets, capsules, and softgels
Dose: 6 tablets daily
Designed for adult women, The Women’s Essential Pack claims to help support immune, digestive, muscle, heart, and eye health.

The pack comes with four supplements: astaxanthin, a probiotic blend, fish oil, and an iron-containing multivitamin.

Astaxanthin is known for its powerful antioxidant properties, which may be beneficial for brain, eye, heart, and skin health (1Trusted Source, 2Trusted Source).

Taking a fish oil supplement may help reduce inflammation and the risk of certain chronic diseases, including heart disease (3Trusted Source).

The probiotic blend may be beneficial for managing symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, research on the effectiveness of probiotic supplements in adults without IBS is limited, and they may actually do more harm than good (4Trusted Source).

Overall, it’s important to talk with a healthcare professional before taking any of the supplements included in The Women’s Essential Pack.

Healthline editorial review
Care/of sent us The Foundation — the multivitamin that’s included in The Women’s Essential Pack. We found the capsules easy to swallow and appreciated that they didn’t leave a bad aftertaste.

While a box of individually packaged daily vitamin packs takes up a tad more space than a traditional bottle of vitamins, we found the vitamin packs convenient for traveling.

Pros
vegan-friendly
gluten-free
convenient individual daily packs
third-party tested
Cons
probiotic may not be necessary for most people
Prenatal
Price: $18.99
Type: tablet
Dose: 3 tablets daily
Care/of Prenatal provides 22 essential nutrients to support a healthy pregnancy, including choline, iron, and magnesium.

The Prenatal includes 25 mcg (1,000 IU) of vitamin D, a nutrient that research has shown is important in supporting maternal and fetal health during pregnancy (5Trusted Source, 6Trusted Source).

It also provides 100% of recommended folate needs in the form of methylfolate, which is more readily absorbed than other types of folate (7Trusted Source).

Folate is particularly important during the early stages of pregnancy, as it plays a key role in the development of the neural tube, brain, and spinal cord (8Trusted Source).

While this product is a comprehensive prenatal, it doesn’t contain omega-3s — essential fatty acids that are important for maternal health and fetal development (9Trusted Source).

As a result, it’s a good idea to pair the Care/of Prenatal with an omega-3 supplement.

Pros
third-party tested
vegetarian-friendly
gluten-free
non-GMO
contains 22 essential nutrients
Cons
not suitable for vegans
doesn’t contain omega-3s
Plant Protein
Price: $28
Type: powder
Dose: 2 scoops (37 grams)
Care/of Plant Protein is a vegan-friendly protein powder that’s made up of a blend of pea, pumpkin seed, and hemp seed protein.

A blend of plant-based proteins is ideal, as research suggests that it allows for the content of leucine — an important muscle-building amino acid — to be greater than in single plant-based protein sources (10Trusted Source, 11Trusted Source).

This protein powder also includes digestive enzymes, which may be beneficial for some people with certain health conditions, such as exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, lactose intolerance, or cystic fibrosis.

However, it’s unclear whether they offer the same effect in adults without these conditions (12Trusted Source).

Lastly, this product contains medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil. When used as a supplement, MCT oil may help promote weight loss and blood sugar regulation, though more research is needed (13Trusted Source).

Care/of Plant Protein comes in two flavors: Vanilla, which is flavored with organic vanilla extract, and Chocolate, which contains organic cocoa powder.

Both flavors are lightly sweetened with organic coconut sugar and monk fruit extract.

Here’s the nutritional information for a 2-scoop (37-gram) serving of the vanilla flavor (14):

Calories: 140
Fat: 3 grams
Carbs: 14 grams
Sugar: 4 grams
Added sugar: 3 grams
Protein: 18 grams
The powder also provides small amounts of calcium, iron, and potassium.

Healthline editorial review
Care/of sent us the vanilla plant-based protein powder to try. To keep the test simple, we mixed the powder with water in a shaker bottle.

Unlike many other protein powders we’ve tried, Care/of Plant Protein had a pleasant vanilla-coconut flavor and didn’t leave an artificial aftertaste. It was also easy to shake and had a smooth consistency.

Pros
third-party tested
contains a blend of plant-based proteins
has a pleasant flavor with no aftertaste
mixes well
gluten-free
vegan-friendly
Cons
available in only chocolate or vanilla
Ritual products and services
Best known for its multivitamins, Ritual offers Essential Multivitamins for men, women, teens, and children. It also offers specialty formulations for adults over 50 and people who are pregnant or nursing.

In addition to multivitamins, Ritual’s product line includes protein powders and a synbiotic — a supplement designed to support gut health by providing pre-, pro-, and postbiotics.

Products are available individually or as a part of discounted bundles.

The supplement capsules are formulated with Ritual’s signature delayed-release beadlet-in-oil technology, which the company claims boosts absorption.

Ritual’s multivitamins are designed to help fill nutrient gaps and are intentionally not as comprehensive as products offered by other supplement companies.

Therefore, it’s a good idea to talk with a healthcare professional before purchasing a Ritual product to make sure you’re selecting a product that best fits your nutritional needs.

Below is a closer look at a few of the products available through Ritual.

Essential for Women Multivitamin 18+
Price: $30
Type: capsule
Dose: 2 capsules daily
The Essential for Women Multivitamin 18+ is formulated for women ages 18–49 and is meant to fill nutrient gaps in the common diet.

It provides 9 essential nutrients that women under 50 may not get enough of from diet alone, including iron, vitamin D, folate, and omega-3 DHA (15Trusted Source, 16Trusted Source, 17Trusted Source, 18Trusted Source).

It’s also vegan-friendly and free of gluten, major allergens, and artificial colors. The capsule features a mint flavor, which may be a pro or a con depending on your preferences.

As mentioned earlier, Ritual’s products are not designed to be as comprehensive as other multivitamins on the market.

As a result, this product may not be ideal for everyone.

For example, research shows that people following a vegan diet are more likely to be deficient in potassium, selenium, calcium, and several B vitamins — all of which (except for vitamin B12) are missing from this multivitamin (19Trusted Source, 20Trusted Source).

Healthline editorial review
Ritual sent us a bottle of the Multivitamin 18+ to try, and we were impressed overall.

We loved that you can take the multivitamin on an empty stomach and found the minty flavor to be refreshing, though it’s probably not the best to pair with a morning cup of coffee or orange juice.

Additionally, although the capsules contain omega-3s sourced from ocean algae, we found that they did not cause fishy burps.

Pros
third-party tested
vegan-friendly
gluten- and major allergen-free
contains iron, omega-3 DHA, and vitamin D
Cons
not a comprehensive multivitamin
Essential for Women Prenatal Multivitamin
Price: $35
Type: capsule
Dose: 2 capsules daily
If you’re pregnant or thinking of becoming pregnant, taking a prenatal supplement is recommended to support your health and the health of your baby (21Trusted Source).

Ritual Essential for Women Prenatal Multivitamin contains 12 essential nutrients, including folate and omega-3 DHA, both of which are important for your baby’s neurologic development (22Trusted Source, 23Trusted Source).

Another important nutrient during pregnancy is choline, which helps support healthy brain development (24Trusted Source).

While Ritual’s prenatal does contain choline, it provides only 10% of the Daily Value. Therefore, it’s important to consume food sources of choline, such as eggs, regularly throughout your pregnancy (24Trusted Source).

It’s also worth noting that this prenatal supplement lacks several nutrients that are important during pregnancy and nursing, including vitamin A, zinc, calcium, and vitamin B6. Therefore, this product isn’t a good option for people who have difficulty maintaining a balanced diet.

A unique feature of Ritual’s prenatal vitamin is that it has a subtle lemon flavor, which may make swallowing the capsules more tolerable.

Pros
third-party tested
gluten- and major allergen-free
vegan-friendly
contains omega-3 DHA, folate, and vitamin D
Cons
low in choline
not as comprehensive as many other prenatal vitamins
Daily Shake 18+
Price: $40 with a subscription, $44 for a one-time purchase
Type: powder
Dose: 1 scoop (30 grams)
The Daily Shake is a plant-based protein powder made from organic pea protein and sweetened with monk fruit extract. It’s also flavored with vanilla beans sourced from Madagascar.

According to the company’s website, the protein powder is designed to help boost fullness and support lean body mass when paired with an ongoing resistance training regimen.

Pea protein has been shown to help increase feelings of fullness, and high protein intake in general may help reduce age-related changes in body composition, such as muscle loss (25Trusted Source, 26Trusted Source, 27Trusted Source).

However, some research suggests that pea protein on its own may not provide sufficient amounts of leucine, an important amino acid for muscle building (10Trusted Source, 11Trusted Source).

In addition to protein, the Daily Shake 18+ contains calcium, which supports bone health, and choline, which may be beneficial for brain health (28Trusted Source, 29Trusted Source).

Like most other Ritual products, the Daily Shake 18+ is third-party tested. It’s also Informed Sport Certified, which ensures that the powder is free of substances banned in competitive sports.

Here’s the nutritional information for a 1-scoop (30-gram) serving of the Daily Shake 18+ (30):

Calories: 115
Fat: 2 grams
Carbs: 3 grams
Sugar: 0 grams
Protein: 20 grams
Healthline editorial review
For a fair comparison to Care/of’s protein powder, we combined a scoop of Ritual’s Daily Shake with water in a shaker bottle.

While there weren’t any clumps, we noticed that after we had vigorously shaken the protein powder, the overall texture was thicker and grittier than that of the Care/of product. The vanilla flavor also tasted a bit artificial, though it didn’t leave a bad aftertaste.

Overall, while it’s not our favorite protein powder as far as taste goes, many of this powder’s drawbacks might be easily remedied by using a high powered blender and combining the powder with other ingredients, such as oat milk and frozen fruit.

Pros
third-party tested
Informed Sport Certified
gluten- and major allergen-free
non-GMO
free of added sugar
Cons
only one flavor available
gritty texture
not the best-tasting
pea protein-only composition may not be as effective for muscle building
Cost
Both Care/of and Ritual vary in price depending on the products you select.

Ritual’s supplements cost $30–$40 for a 30-day supply. Shipping is always free.

Care/of offers products costing $5–$32 for a 30-day supply. Shipping is free for orders of $30 or more.

How to get started
While both are subscription services, the sign-up processes for Care/of and Ritual have some key differences.

Care/of sign-up process
To get started with Care/of, it’s recommended that you complete the online quiz. However, if you already know which product you want to buy, you can go directly to the company’s shop page.

If you opt for the quiz, you’ll be asked a series of questions about your health, lifestyle habits, and preferences around taking supplements.

Care/of will then provide a customized list of recommended supplements, which you can add to your cart or swap out with other products.

Once you’ve made your selections, you’ll be prompted to create an account and check out. Your supplements will then automatically ship to you every 30 days.

If you decide you’d like to cancel your subscription or change the products, you can do so by logging in to your account on the Care/of website.

Ritual sign-up process
Unlike Care/of, Ritual doesn’t have an online assessment to fill out.

Instead, the website makes it easy to find products that best fit your needs based on your gender and stage of life. Once you’ve selected your supplements, you’ll be asked to create an account during checkout.

Unless you’ve selected a one-time-purchase item, your products will be automatically sent to you each month.

You can cancel your subscription or change the products included at any time.

Customer reviews and brand reputation
Care/of
Care/of scored well during Healthline’s vetting process, and overall customer reviews of Care/of are positive.

Many positive reviews comment on the quality of the customer service and the effectiveness of the vitamins.

However, some customers feel that the supplements are too expensive and are no more effective than lower cost alternatives. Other unsatisfied reviewers complain that the vitamin packs contain too many pills.

Ritual
Ritual has mostly positive reviews as well. Happy customers particularly appreciate Ritual’s transparency about ingredient sourcing and testing.

However, some reviewers wish the products contained more nutrients, and some dislike the aftertaste of the mint-flavored capsules.

Ritual scored well during Healthline’s vetting process and has an A+ rating from the Better Business Bureau.

Downsides and potential safety concerns
As with any supplement, there are potential downsides and safety concerns to consider with both Ritual and Care/of products.

Care/of
Care/of products are third-party tested to confirm that products contain what is listed on the labels.

The main consideration when it comes to Care/of is the number of supplements you may be recommended to take.

Consuming multiple supplements may not be necessary and, in some cases, could cause you to overconsume certain nutrients. This could have serious consequences.

On a similar note, the questionnaire should not replace guidance from a healthcare professional.

Additionally, some supplements may interact with certain medications, and individuals who are pregnant or nursing may need to avoid certain supplements.

It’s best to run any new supplements by a healthcare professional before taking them.

Ritual
Ritual’s products are third-party tested, and some are certified by Informed Choice or USP. This ensures that the supplements are safe and contain the ingredients listed on the label.

Because some Ritual supplements contain low doses or are missing certain nutrients, they may not be appropriate for some people.

If you have a diagnosed nutrient deficiency, it’s important to talk with a healthcare professional to ensure that you’re choosing a product that’s formulated to meet your nutritional needs.

Similarly, because Ritual’s prenatal supplement isn’t as comprehensive as others on the market, people who are pregnant or may become pregnant should make sure that they’re consuming an overall balanced diet before choosing this supplement.

How do Care/of and Ritual compare to competitors?
There are several subscription-based supplement companies on the market, many of which also offer a personalized approach to vitamins and minerals.

Here’s a quick look at how Care/of and Ritual compare to four of their main competitors: Rootine, HUM Nutrition, Persona, and Vitl:

Cost Products Personalization Third-party tested
Ritual $30–$40 per product for a 30-day supply • multivitamins
• prenatal
• postnatal
• protein powders
• synbiotic formulated based on age and gender yes
Care/of $5–$32 per product for a 30-day supply • multivitamins
• single nutrients
• specialty supplements
• prenatal
• herbs
• probiotics
• collagen
• protein powders recommendations based on results of online assessment yes
Rootine • $69 every 3 months
• initial $99–$119 fee multivitamins recommendations based on blood and DNA tests yes
HUM $10–$60 per product for a 30-day supply • multivitamins
• single nutrients
• specialty supplements
• probiotics
• collagen • recommendations based on results of online assessment
• access to a registered dietitian yes
Persona $10–$60 per product for a 30-day supply • multivitamins
• single nutrients
• prenatal
• herbs
• specialty supplements
• probiotics
• collagen
• protein powders • recommendations based on results of online assessment
• access to a nutritionist no
Vitl • $14–$30 per product for a 30-day supply
• $60–$135 for testing • multivitamins
• herbs
• omega-3s
• single nutrients recommendations based on blood and DNA tests some products
Ritual vs. Care/of: Which is the better option?
As there are pros and cons to both services, which company to choose ultimately comes down to the types of products you wish to buy.

While both companies third-party test their products, some of Ritual’s supplements go a step beyond third-party testing and are certified by USP or Informed Sport.

For example, Ritual’s Essential Protein lineup is Informed Sport Certified, making it a better option for competitive athletes.

In contrast, Care/of Plant Protein isn’t certified safe for sport. However, Healthline found Care/of’s protein powder to taste better than Ritual’s during testing.

Because Ritual’s product line is significantly more limited than Care/of’s, Care/of is a better option if you’re looking for a specialty or single-nutrient supplement.

Additionally, Care/of’s multivitamins and prenatal vitamins are more comprehensive than Ritual’s and may be more appropriate for people who have trouble maintaining a balanced diet.

Still, keep in mind that while you can choose to purchase only one product, Care/of’s personalized supplement recommendations may cause people to think that they need to be taking more supplements than are necessary or appropriate.

Overall, while both companies offer a personalized subscription-based service, there are clear differences between them.

It’s best to talk with a healthcare professional to determine which service and product is right for you.

Frequently asked questions
Is Ritual or Care/of FDA-approved?
The FDA does not regulate supplements to the same extent that it regulates food and medications.

However, both Ritual and Care/of products are produced in accordance with the current good manufacturing practices, a set of guidelines the FDA has established to help ensure safe manufacturing processes.

Does Ritual have probiotics?
Ritual recently released its Synbiotic+ product, a blend of prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics that’s designed help support a balanced gut.

While some research does support the use of probiotics, particularly in individuals with IBS, research on their use in people without IBS is mixed (4Trusted Source).

A test-tube study supporting the use of Synbiotic+ is linked on Ritual’s website, but more research, especially in humans, is needed to confirm the safety and effectiveness of the product (31).

Also keep in mind that there is a risk of bias because Ritual conducted the study.

What is the proper dosing of Ritual and Care/of products?
Ritual and Care/of products include dosing instructions on their labels. As with any supplement, it’s important to follow the recommended dose on the supplement label, unless directed otherwise by a trusted healthcare professional.

How legit is Care/of?
Care/of provides personalized recommendations and a wide variety of products, many of which contain ingredients that are strongly supported by research. Its products are also third-party tested to ensure purity and potency.

However, the supplement dosages are not personalized and the recommendation to consume multiple supplements daily may not be necessary or appropriate for everyone.

How legit is Ritual?
Ritual offers multivitamins and protein powders that are formulated based on gender and stage of life. Ritual’s products are third-party tested, and some carry the USP or Informed Sport seal.

One study found that Ritual’s Essential for Women supplement significantly improved vitamin D and omega-3 DHA levels in healthy premenopausal women after 12 weeks of daily use (32Trusted Source).

However, it’s important to note that the study has potential for bias because Ritual funded the study and multiple study authors were Ritual employees.

Additionally, because Ritual’s multivitamins are designed to help bridge nutrient gaps in an otherwise healthy diet, the supplements may not be suitable for individuals who need a more comprehensive multivitamin.

The bottom line
Care/of and Ritual are subscription-based supplement companies that offer a variety of products, including vitamins and protein powders.

Care/of provides personalized product recommendations based on your answers to a questionnaire. It also offers a larger variety of products to choose from, all of which are third-party tested.

Ritual’s products are also third-party tested, with some even carrying the USP or Informed Sport Seal. However, the product line is much more limited than Care/of’s. Additionally, Ritual’s products are designed to help bridge nutrient gaps and may not be appropriate for people who need a comprehensive multivitamin.

Regardless of which company you choose, make sure to talk with a healthcare professional before adding any new supplements to your wellness routine.

Diet chart for kidney patients

Diet and Nutrition for Kidney Patients

Overview

Your kidneys are small in size but perform many crucial functions of your body, including blood filtration, regulating blood pressure, maintaining electrolyte balance, and producing urine. However, certain health conditions, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity, along with your lifestyle and diet, tend to cause damage to your kidneys, thus, reducing their functional abilities. 

And when your kidneys fail to work as supposed, wastes from food, toxic substances, and fluid happen to accumulate in your body. Therefore, people with renal conditions should maintain a healthy diet.

Research says, nearly 10% of the total population of the world has kidney disease. It makes it a common health concern.

Food for Dialysis Patients

The restrictions associated with a renal diet (food for kidney patients)  differ from person to person and the extent of kidney damage. In case you have kidney disease, make sure to get in touch with your doctor and discuss the most suitable diet for you. Most renal (kidney) diets focus on eliminating wastes and toxins in the blood. Therefore, while on dialysis, your doctor is likely to recommend limiting the following:

• Sodium. Sodium is a major constituent of many food items and, of course, table salt. When you have kidney disease, your kidneys are unable to drain out the excess sodium. Therefore, doctors recommend less than 2,000 gm of sodium per day. 
• Potassium. Although potassium is crucial for your body, people with kidney disease should limit it. Doctors recommend less than 2,000 gm of potassium per day. 
• Phosphorus. When you have kidney disease, your kidneys are not able to eliminate excess phosphorus from the blood. It is not good for your health. Therefore, doctors recommend less than 800 mg to 100 mg of phosphorus per day. You can eat fruits.
• Protein food and Fluid

Eating and Nutrition for Hemodialysis

If you are getting started with hemodialysis, you need to make certain changes in your diet and lifestyle. Needless to say, but what you eat in a day is a crucial aspect of your treatment. Therefore, it is highly advisable to get in touch with a renal dietician to plan a special diet for you. 

As far as a standard diet for hemodialysis is concerned, here are some of the vital pointers to consider:

• Make sure to include high-protein food items in your diet.
• Make sure to consume foods that contain low levels of sodium and potassium and high levels of phosphorus.
• Ask your dietician about the quantity of fluid you can have, including water, tea, coffee, and other beverages. 

How Does What I Eat and Drink Affect My Hemodialysis?

When you are on hemodialysis, your food and drink preferences can impact your treatment and how you feel after undergoing it. Between two sessions of your dialysis, wastes and toxins can accumulate in your blood, making you feel sick. However, you can keep this accumulation under control by following a proper renal diet. You can balance your diet with what dialysis tends to remove from your blood and prevent waste and fluid buildup.

Diet Chart for Kidney Patients

Just because you are a CKD patient does not mean your diet would not be enjoyable and tasty. Here is a diet chart especially designed for kidney patients. Let us have a look!

Foods for Kidney Patients

• Cauliflower is rich in many nutrients, such as Vitamin C, K, and B. Plus, it has anti-inflammatory properties. One cup or 124-grams of cauliflower (cooked) comprises 19 mg, 176 mg, and 40 mg of sodium, potassium, and phosphorus, respectively. 
• Blueberries are loaded with multiple nutrients and antioxidants and prevent many health conditions, including diabetes, heart ailments, and cancer. This fruit is an excellent addition to your renal diet because it is low in sodium, potassium, and phosphorus. One cup of fresh blueberries comprises 1.5 mg, 114 mg, 18 mg of sodium, potassium, and phosphorus, respectively. 
• Sea bass makes a good source of high-quality protein and omega-3 fatty acids. Also, 85-grams of sea bass (cooked) contains 74 mg, 279 mg, and 211 mg of sodium, potassium, and phosphorus, respectively. 
• Egg whites are rich in high-quality proteins and also make a renal-friendly food. Egg whites of 66-grams contain 110 mg, 108 mg, and 10 mg of sodium, potassium, and phosphorus, respectively.
• Garlic is a great alternative to salt and adds a delicious flavor to any food. Plus, it also comes loaded with vitamin B6, vitamin C, manganese, and anti-inflammatory properties. Garlic 9 grams comprises 1.5 mg, 36 mg, and 14 mg of sodium, potassium, and phosphorus, respectively. 
• Chicken (skinless) is low in sodium, phosphorus, and potassium compared to chicken with skin-on. Skinless breast (84-grams) of chicken comprises 63 mg, 216 mg, and 192 mg of sodium, potassium, and phosphorus, respectively. 
• Onions are good taste enhancers, especially when it comes to a renal-diet. Moreover, onions are rich in B vitamins and manganese. Onions 70-grams, contain 3 mg, 102 mg, and 20 mg of sodium, potassium, and phosphorus, respectively. 
• Pineapple is a low potassium fruit and a great addition to a kidney diet. Moreover, it is a good source of fiber, vitamin C, bromelain, and manganese. Pineapple 165-grams comprises 2 mg, 180 mg, and 13 mg of sodium, potassium, and phosphorus, respectively. 

Discuss with Your Dietitian

Everything that you eat and drink directly affects your kidneys. Therefore, you should discuss the food items you should eat and the ones you should avoid. Your dietician will work with you and chalk a plan according to your unique requirements, stage of kidney disease, and any underlying health condition you may have.

More About Minerals and Nutrients 

Fluids

When you are under hemodialysis, you have to restrict the intake of fluids. Apart from water, some fruits and vegetables also have high water content. These include melons, grapes, apples, oranges, etc. Fluids can build up between dialysis sessions, causing swelling and weight gain. The extra fluids affect your blood pressure and can lead to serious heart troubles.

The best way to reduce fluid intake is to reduce thirst caused by the salt you eat. Avoid salty food like chips and take low-sodium products. You can also keep your fluids down by drinking from small cups. Talk to a dietician about how much fluids you can have daily and follow them strictly.

Potassium

Potassium affects how healthy the heart beats. Healthy kidneys keep the right amount of potassium in the blood to keep the heart beating at a steady pace. Potassium levels can rise between dialysis sessions and can affect your heartbeat. Eating too much potassium can be very dangerous to your heart. It may even cause death.

To control potassium levels in your blood, avoid food rich in potassium like milk and dairy products, bananas, dry fruits, etc. Also, eat smaller portions of other potassium food. For example, eat only smaller portions of oranges and melons and other low potassium fruits. You can remove some of the potassium from potatoes by dicing or shredding them and then boiling them in water.

Phosphorus

If you have too much phosphorus in your blood, it pulls calcium from your bones, making your bones weak and likely to break. It also makes your skin itchy. Foods like milk and cheese, dried beans, peas, nuts, and peanut butter are rich in phosphorus. It is recommended to avoid these foods or take them in less quantity.

Depending on your situation, the doctor may advise taking phosphate-binding medications to control your blood’s phosphorus between dialysis sessions. These medications act like sponges soaking up phosphorus and restricting it from entering into blood.

Sodium

Sodium is found in salt and other foods. Most canned and frozen foods contain high amounts of sodium, and too much sodium makes you thirsty. Therefore, this will make your heart work extra harder to pump the fluid throughout the body. Over time, this can cause high blood pressure and heart failure.

Try to eat fresh foods that are naturally low in sodium salts. Avoid salty food like chips.

Proteins

Before being on dialysis, you are advised to follow a low-protein diet. Being on dialysis changes that. Most people on dialysis are encouraged to eat as much high-quality protein food as possible. Protein helps keep muscle healthy and repair tissues. You will also have greater resistance to infections and recover from surgery quickly.

High-quality proteins come from meat, fish, poultry, and eggs (especially egg whites).

By following the diet mentioned above and instructions, improves your hemodialysis results and your overall health.

Consult a nephrologist from Apollo Hospitals online for renal issues. Book an appointment here.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. What food does a dialysis patient eat for breakfast?

Some of the breakfast ideas for a person undergoing dialysis include the following:

• Scrambled eggs
• Oatmeal
• Cream of rice
• Cream of wheat
• Dalia with veggies
• Cornmeal

2. What foods need to be avoided by a dialysis patient?

Food items dialysis patients avoid include:

• Dark-colored soda
• Whole wheat bread
• Processed food
• Bananas
• Dairy products
• Pickles
• Tomatoes
• Ready-to-eat meals
• Brown rice
• Avocados

3. Why do kidney patients need to monitor sodium intake?

When your body has an excess amount of sodium, your kidneys find it hard to eliminate them. So, it accumulates in the bloodstream that eventually leads to hypertension and other health problems.